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- These phoneme symbols cause a temporary pause in speech. They can be lengthened and shortened like any other phoneme.
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- This is the silence phoneme ‘%’
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- This is the breath phoneme ‘@’
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- This is the syllable break mark.
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- This is the syllable break ‘=’, used to mark syllable breaks within a word.
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- These are the lexical stress marks, used to mark stresses within a word.
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- This is the primary stress mark ‘1’
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- This is the secondary stress mark ‘2’
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- These are the word prominence markers, used to affect the stress on words. One of these is required at the beginning of each word.
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- This is the unstressed word marker ‘~’, used for words with minimal information content.
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- This is the normal word marker ‘_’, used for information-bearing words.
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- This is the emphatic stress word marker ‘+’, used to give special emphasis to a word.
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- These pitch control prosidics are placed before the affected phoneme to change the pitch at which they are spoken.
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- This is the pitch rise marker ‘/’, which causes pitch to rise on the following phoneme.
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- This is the pitch fall marker ‘\’, which causes pitch to fall on the following phoneme.
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- These length control prosidics are placed before the affected phoneme to change phoneme length.
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- This is the lengthen marker ‘>’, which causes the length of the following phoneme to increase.
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- This is the shorted marker ‘<’, which causes the length of the following phoneme to decrease.
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